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メモ > 技術 > フレームワーク: Laravel10 > 複雑なCRUDの新規作成例（記事管理を作成）
複雑なCRUDの新規作成例（記事管理を作成）
■テーブルの作成$ sail artisan make:migration create_entries_table


以下のファイルが作成される。

database/migrations/2024_04_18_090608_create_entries_table.php
<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     */
    public function up(): void
    {
        Schema::create('entries', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     */
    public function down(): void
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('entries');
    }
};


以下のとおり修正する。

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     */
    public function up(): void
    {
        Schema::create('entries', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->dateTime('datetime')->comment('日時');
            $table->string('title')->comment('タイトル');
            $table->text('text')->comment('本文');
            $table->foreignId('user_id');
            $table->timestamps();
            $table->softDeletes();
            $table->comment('記事');
        });
        Schema::create('category_entry', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->foreignId('category_id');
            $table->foreignId('entry_id');
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     */
    public function down(): void
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('entries');
        Schema::dropIfExists('category_entry');
    }
};


マイグレーションを実行。

$ sail artisan migrate
■モデルの作成$ sail artisan make:model Entry


以下のファイルが作成される。

app/Models/Entry.php
<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Entry extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
}


以下のとおり修正する。

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsToMany;

class Entry extends Model
{
    use SoftDeletes;

    protected $fillable = [
        'datetime',
        'title',
        'text',
        'user_id',
    ];

    protected $casts = [
        'datetime' => 'datetime',
    ];

    public function user(): BelongsTo
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
    }

    public function categories(): BelongsToMany
    {
        return $this->belongsToMany(Category::class);
    }
}
■リクエストの作成$ sail artisan make:request EntryCreateRequest


以下のファイルが作成される。

app/Http/Requests/EntryCreateRequest.php
<?php

namespace App\Http\Requests;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;

class EntryCreateRequest extends FormRequest
{
    /**
     * Determine if the user is authorized to make this request.
     */
    public function authorize(): bool
    {
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Get the validation rules that apply to the request.
     *
     * @return array<string, \Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\ValidationRule|array<mixed>|string>
     */
    public function rules(): array
    {
        return [
            //
        ];
    }
}


以下のとおり修正する。

<?php

namespace App\Http\Requests;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;

class EntryCreateRequest extends FormRequest
{
    /**
     * Determine if the user is authorized to make this request.
     */
    public function authorize(): bool
    {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Get the validation rules that apply to the request.
     *
     * @return array<string, \Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\ValidationRule|array<mixed>|string>
     */
    public function rules(): array
    {
        return [
            'datetime'   => ['required'],
            'title'      => ['required', 'string', 'max:80'],
            'text'       => ['required', 'string', 'max:1000'],
            'user_id'    => ['required', 'integer'],
            'categories' => ['required'],
        ];
    }

    public function attributes(): array
    {
        return [
            'datetime'   => '日時',
            'title'      => 'タイトル',
            'text'       => '本文',
            'user_id'    => 'ユーザ',
            'categories' => 'カテゴリ',
        ];
    }
}


以下のファイルを作成する。

app/Http/Requests/EntryUpdateRequest.php
<?php

namespace App\Http\Requests;

class EntryUpdateRequest extends EntryCreateRequest
{
}
■コントローラーの作成$ sail artisan make:controller EntryController


以下のファイルが作成される。

app/Http/Controllers/EntryController.php
<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class EntryController extends Controller
{
    //
}


以下のとおり修正する。

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Http\Requests\EntryCreateRequest;
use App\Http\Requests\EntryUpdateRequest;
use Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse;
use App\Models\Entry;
use App\Models\User;
use App\Models\Category;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Redirect;
use Illuminate\View\View;

class EntryController extends Controller
{
    public function index(): View
    {
        $entry = new Entry;

        return view('entry.index', [
            'entries' => $entry->with('user')->get(),
        ]);
    }

    public function create(): View
    {
        $users      = new User;
        $categories = new Category;

        return view('entry.form', [
            'categories' => $categories->get(),
            'users'      => $users->get(),
        ]);
    }

    public function store(EntryCreateRequest $request): RedirectResponse
    {
        $entry = new Entry;
        $entry->fill($request->all())->save();

        $entry->categories()->sync($request->categories);

        return Redirect::route('entry.index')->with('message', '登録しました。');
    }

    public function edit($id): View
    {
        $entry      = Entry::findOrFail($id);
        $users      = new User;
        $categories = new Category;

        return view('entry.form', [
            'entry'      => $entry,
            'categories' => $categories->get(),
            'users'      => $users->get(),
        ]);
    }

    public function update(EntryUpdateRequest $request, $id): RedirectResponse
    {
        $entry = Entry::findOrFail($id);
        $entry->fill($request->all())->save();

        $entry->categories()->sync($request->categories);

        return Redirect::route('entry.index')->with('message', '編集しました。');
    }

    public function destroy($id): RedirectResponse
    {
        $entry = Entry::findOrFail($id);
        $entry->delete();

        return Redirect::route('entry.index')->with('message', '削除しました。');
    }
}
■ビューの作成

以下のファイルを作成する。

resources/views/entry/index.blade.php
<x-app-layout>
    <x-slot name="header">
        <h2 class="font-semibold text-xl text-gray-800 leading-tight">
        記事
        </h2>
    </x-slot>

    <div class="py-12">
        <div class="max-w-7xl mx-auto sm:px-6 lg:px-8 space-y-6">
            <div class="p-4 sm:p-8 bg-white shadow sm:rounded-lg">
                <div class="max-w-xl">
                    <section>
                        <header>
                            <h2 class="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
                                記事一覧
                            </h2>
                            <p class="mt-1 text-sm text-gray-600">
                                記事を管理します
                            </p>
                        </header>

                        @if (session('message'))
                        <p class="text-green-600 bg-green-100 my-4 p-4 border-l-4 border-green-400">{{ session('message') }}</p>
                        @elseif (session('error'))
                        <p class="text-red-600 bg-red-100 my-4 p-4 border-l-4 border-red-400">{{ session('error') }}</p>
                        @endif

                        <p class="my-4"><a class="underline text-gray-600 hover:text-gray-900" href="{{ route('entry.create') }}">記事登録</a></p>
                        <table class="w-full border shadow">
                            <thead>
                                <th class="border p-2">日時</th>
                                <th class="border p-2">タイトル</th>
                                <th class="border p-2">ユーザ</th>
                                <th class="border p-2">カテゴリ</th>
                                <th class="border p-2">編集</th>
                            </thead>
                            <tbody>
                                @foreach ($entries as $entry)
                                <tr>
                                    <td class="border p-2"><div>{{ $entry->datetime->format('Y/m/d H:i:s') }}</div></td>
                                    <td class="border p-2"><div>{{ $entry->title }}</div></td>
                                    <td class="border p-2"><div>{{ $entry->user->name }}</div></td>
                                    <td class="border p-2">
                                        @foreach ($entry->categories as $category)
                                        <div>{{ $category->name }}</div>
                                        @endforeach
                                    </td>
                                    <td class="border p-2"><a class="underline text-gray-600 hover:text-gray-900" href="{{ route('entry.edit', ['id' => $entry->id]) }}">編集</a></td>
                                </tr>
                                @endforeach
                            </tbody>
                        </table>
                    </section>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</x-app-layout>


resources/views/entry/form.blade.php
<x-app-layout>
    <x-slot name="header">
        <h2 class="font-semibold text-xl text-gray-800 leading-tight">
        記事
        </h2>
    </x-slot>

    <div class="py-12">
        <div class="max-w-7xl mx-auto sm:px-6 lg:px-8 space-y-6">
            <div class="p-4 sm:p-8 bg-white shadow sm:rounded-lg">
                <div class="max-w-xl">
                    <section>
                        <header>
                            <h2 class="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
                                @if (Request::is('*/edit')) {{ '編集' }} @else {{ '登録' }} @endif
                            </h2>
                            <p class="mt-1 text-sm text-gray-600">
                                記事を管理します
                            </p>
                        </header>
                        <form method="post" action="{{ Request::is('entry/edit/*') ? route('entry.update', ['id' => $entry->id]) : route('entry.store') }}" class="mt-6 space-y-6">
                            @if (Request::is('entry/edit/*'))
                                {{ method_field('patch') }}
                            @endif
                            {{ csrf_field() }}
                            <div>
                                <x-input-label for="datetime" value="日時" />
                                <x-text-input id="datetime" name="datetime" type="text" class="mt-1 block w-full" value="{{ old('datetime', isset($entry) ? $entry->datetime : '') }}" autofocus autocomplete="datetime" />
                                <x-input-error class="mt-2" :messages="$errors->get('datetime')" />
                            </div>
                            <div>
                                <x-input-label for="title" value="タイトル" />
                                <x-text-input id="title" name="title" type="text" class="mt-1 block w-full" value="{{ old('title', isset($entry) ? $entry->title : '') }}" autocomplete="title" />
                                <x-input-error class="mt-2" :messages="$errors->get('title')" />
                            </div>
                            <div>
                                <x-input-label for="text" value="本文" />
                                <textarea id="text" name="text" rows="10" cols="10" class="border-gray-300 focus:border-indigo-500 focus:ring-indigo-500 rounded-md shadow-sm mt-1 block w-full" class="form-control">{{ old('text', isset($entry) ? $entry->text : '') }}</textarea>
                                <x-input-error class="mt-2" :messages="$errors->get('text')" />
                            </div>
                            <div>
                                <x-input-label for="user_id" value="ユーザ" />
                                <select name="user_id" class="border-gray-300 focus:border-indigo-500 focus:ring-indigo-500 rounded-md shadow-sm mt-1 block">
                                    <option value=""></option>
                                    @foreach ($users as $user)
                                    <option value="{{ $user->id }}" @if (old('user_id', isset($entry) ? $entry->user_id : '') == $user->id) selected @endif>{{ $user->name }}</option>
                                    @endforeach
                                </select>
                                <x-input-error class="mt-2" :messages="$errors->get('user_id')" />
                            </div>
                            <div>
                                <x-input-label for="categories" value="カテゴリ" />
                                @foreach ($categories as $category)
                                <div>
                                    <label><input type="checkbox" name="categories[]" value="{{ $category->id }}" class="border-gray-300 focus:border-indigo-500 focus:ring-indigo-500 rounded-md shadow-sm" @if (in_array($category->id, old('categories', isset($entry) ? array_column($entry->categories->toArray(), 'id') : []))) checked @endif> {{ $category->name }}</label>
                                </div>
                                @endforeach
                                <x-input-error class="mt-2" :messages="$errors->get('categories')" />
                            </div>
                            <div class="flex items-center gap-4">
                                <x-primary-button>@if (!Request::is('*/create')) {{ '編集' }} @else {{ '登録' }} @endif</x-primary-button>
                            </div>
                        </form>
                    </section>
                </div>
            </div>
            @if (Request::is('entry/edit/*'))
            <div class="p-4 sm:p-8 bg-white shadow sm:rounded-lg">
                <div class="max-w-xl">
                    <section>
                        <header>
                            <h2 class="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
                                削除
                            </h2>
                            <p class="mt-1 text-sm text-gray-600">
                                記事を削除します
                            </p>
                        </header>
                        <form method="post" action="{{ route('entry.destroy', ['id' => $entry->id]) }}" class="mt-6 space-y-6">
                            {{ method_field('delete') }}
                            {{ csrf_field() }}
                            <div class="flex items-center gap-4">
                                <x-danger-button>削除</x-danger-button>
                            </div>
                        </form>
                    </section>
                </div>
            </div>
            @endif
        </div>
    </div>
</x-app-layout>
■ルーティングの設定

以下のとおり設定する。

routes/web.php
use App\Http\Controllers\EntryController;

Route::middleware('auth')->group(function () {
    Route::get('/entry', [EntryController::class, 'index'])->name('entry.index');
    Route::get('/entry/create', [EntryController::class, 'create'])->name('entry.create');
    Route::post('/entry/store', [EntryController::class, 'store'])->name('entry.store');
    Route::get('/entry/edit/{id}', [EntryController::class, 'edit'])->name('entry.edit');
    Route::patch('/entry/update/{id}', [EntryController::class, 'update'])->name('entry.update');
    Route::delete('/entry/destroy/{id}', [EntryController::class, 'destroy'])->name('entry.destroy');
■動作確認http://laravel.local/entry
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