Memo

データベースを扱う
■データベースの作成$ sail mysql
mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| laravel9           |
| testing            |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> USE laravel9;
mysql> SHOW TABLES;
Empty set (0.00 sec)


もともとデータベース「laravel9」が作成済みになっているので、これをそのまま利用する

■テーブルの作成

マイグレーションを作成

$ sail artisan make:migration create_articles_table


以下のファイルが作成される

database/migrations/2024_04_02_101902_create_articles_table.php
<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('articles', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('articles');
    }
};


以下のとおり、マイグレーションを修正する（titleとcontentを追加する）

        Schema::create('articles', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->timestamps();
        });
↓
        Schema::create('articles', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string('title');
            $table->text('content');
            $table->timestamps();
        });


マイグレーションを実行する

$ sail artisan migrate
Migration table created successfully.
Migrating: 2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table
Migrated:  2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table (57.38ms)
Migrating: 2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table
Migrated:  2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table (46.95ms)
Migrating: 2019_08_19_000000_create_failed_jobs_table
Migrated:  2019_08_19_000000_create_failed_jobs_table (50.15ms)
Migrating: 2019_12_14_000001_create_personal_access_tokens_table
Migrated:  2019_12_14_000001_create_personal_access_tokens_table (69.67ms)
Migrating: 2024_04_02_101902_create_articles_table
Migrated:  2024_04_02_101902_create_articles_table (25.10ms)


テーブルの作成を確認できる

$ sail mysql
mysql> USE laravel9;
mysql> SHOW TABLES;
+------------------------+
| Tables_in_laravel9     |
+------------------------+
| articles               |
| failed_jobs            |
| migrations             |
| password_resets        |
| personal_access_tokens |
| users                  |
+------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM articles;
+------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field      | Type            | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id         | bigint unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| title      | varchar(255)    | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| content    | text            | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| created_at | timestamp       | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| updated_at | timestamp       | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
■データの作成

シーダーを作成

$ sail artisan make:seeder ArticlesSeeder


以下のファイルが作成される

database/seeders/ArticlesSeeder.php
<?php

namespace Database\Seeders;

use Illuminate\Database\Console\Seeds\WithoutModelEvents;
use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;

class ArticlesSeeder extends Seeder
{
    /**
     * Run the database seeds.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function run()
    {
        //
    }
}


以下のとおり編集する

<?php

namespace Database\Seeders;

use Illuminate\Database\Console\Seeds\WithoutModelEvents;
use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;

class ArticlesSeeder extends Seeder
{
    /**
     * Run the database seeds.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function run()
    {
        DB::table('articles')->insert([
            'title' => Str::random(20),
            'content' => Str::random(200),
            'created_at' => now(),
            'updated_at' => null,
        ]);
    }
}


以下のファイルを編集して、シーダーを呼び出す

database/seeders/DatabaseSeeder.php
        // \App\Models\User::factory(10)->create();
        $this->call([ArticlesSeeder::class]);


シーダーを実行する

$ sail artisan db:seed
Seeding: Database\Seeders\ArticlesSeeder
Seeded:  Database\Seeders\ArticlesSeeder (15.77ms)
Database seeding completed successfully.


データの登録を確認できる

$ sail mysql
mysql> USE laravel9;
mysql> SELECT id, title FROM articles;
+----+----------------------+
| id | title                |
+----+----------------------+
|  1 | bhkWrdUVSauoQh9h5lcX |
+----+----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)


確認できたら、いったんデータは削除しておく

mysql> TRUNCATE TABLE articles;
■モデルの作成

モデルを作成

$ sail artisan make:model Article


以下のファイルが作成される

app/Models/Article.php
<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Article extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
}
■ファクトリーの作成

ファクトリーを作成

$ sail artisan make:factory ArticleFactory --model=Article


以下のファイルが作成される

database/factories/ArticleFactory.php
<?php

namespace Database\Factories;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;

/**
 * @extends \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory<\App\Models\Article>
 */
class ArticleFactory extends Factory
{
    /**
     * Define the model's default state.
     *
     * @return array<string, mixed>
     */
    public function definition()
    {
        return [
            //
        ];
    }
}


以下のとおり編集する

<?php

namespace Database\Factories;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;

/**
 * @extends \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory<\App\Models\Article>
 */
class ArticleFactory extends Factory
{
    /**
     * Define the model's default state.
     *
     * @return array<string, mixed>
     */
    public function definition()
    {
        return [
            'title' => $this->faker->realText(20),
            'content' => $this->faker->realText(200),
            'created_at' => now(),
            'updated_at' => null,
            //'created_at' => $this->faker->datetime($max = 'now', $timezone = date_default_timezone_get()),
            //'updated_at' => $this->faker->datetime($max = 'now', $timezone = date_default_timezone_get()),
        ];
    }
}


日本語の設定に変更する

config/app.php
    'faker_locale' => 'en_US',
↓
    'faker_locale' => 'ja_JP',


以下のファイルを編集する

database/seeders/ArticlesSeeder.php
<?php

namespace Database\Seeders;

use Illuminate\Database\Console\Seeds\WithoutModelEvents;
use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;
//use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
//use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use App\Models\Article;

class ArticlesSeeder extends Seeder
{
    /**
     * Run the database seeds.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function run()
    {
        //DB::table('articles')->insert([
        //    'title' => Str::random(20),
        //    'content' => Str::random(200),
        //    'created_at' => now(),
        //    'updated_at' => null,
        //]);
        Article::factory()->count(10)->create();
    }
}


シーダーを実行する

$ sail artisan db:seed
Seeding: Database\Seeders\ArticlesSeeder
Seeded:  Database\Seeders\ArticlesSeeder (171.08ms)
Database seeding completed successfully.


データの登録を確認できる

$ sail mysql
mysql> USE laravel9;
mysql> SELECT id, title, created_at, updated_at FROM articles;
+----+--------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
| id | title                                                        | created_at          | updated_at |
+----+--------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
|  1 | かけにはないのが、ぱっと窓まどから私の。                     | 2024-04-03 10:48:49 | NULL       |
|  2 | かたあとだと思い出していると包つつまし。                     | 2024-04-03 10:48:49 | NULL       |
|  3 | のあるい実みもらだの今だってそのいらっ。                     | 2024-04-03 10:48:49 | NULL       |
|  4 | 覆ひおおきく天井てんじゅうに、一足さき。                     | 2024-04-03 10:48:49 | NULL       |
|  5 | ドをかすが少しおずおずしない水に落おと。                     | 2024-04-03 10:48:49 | NULL       |
|  6 | れたまって、まあ、すすんで、そのまって。                     | 2024-04-03 10:48:49 | NULL       |
|  7 | まにもついているんです」「お母さんも眼。                     | 2024-04-03 10:48:49 | NULL       |
|  8 | といつかまわりにいっぱんの方で、黒い洋。                     | 2024-04-03 10:48:49 | NULL       |
|  9 | ついてあらまあ、切符きっとみちがすと喧。                     | 2024-04-03 10:48:49 | NULL       |
| 10 | いせいよ光っていました。「ああ、孔雀く。                     | 2024-04-03 10:48:49 | NULL       |
+----+--------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
■記事の表示

以下のとおり編集する

app/Http/Controllers/Article/IndexController.php
<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers\Article;

use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use App\Models\Article;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class IndexController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Handle the incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function __invoke(Request $request)
    {
        $articles = Article::all();

        return view('article.index', [
            'articles' => $articles,
        ]);
    }
}


resources/views/article/index.blade.php
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="ja">
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
        <title>Article</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Article</h1>
        <ul>
            @foreach ($articles as $article)
            <li>{{ $article->id }} / {{ $article->title }}</li>
            @endforeach
        </ul>
    </body>
</html>


以下にアクセスして表示を確認する
http://laravel.local/article/■記事の投稿

リクエストを作成

$ sail artisan make:request Article/CreateRequest


以下のファイルが作成される

app/Http/Requests/Article/CreateRequest.php
<?php

namespace App\Http\Requests\Article;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;

class CreateRequest extends FormRequest
{
    /**
     * Determine if the user is authorized to make this request.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function authorize()
    {
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Get the validation rules that apply to the request.
     *
     * @return array<string, mixed>
     */
    public function rules()
    {
        return [
            //
        ];
    }
}


以下のとおり編集する

<?php

namespace App\Http\Requests\Article;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;

class CreateRequest extends FormRequest
{
    /**
     * Determine if the user is authorized to make this request.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function authorize()
    {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Get the validation rules that apply to the request.
     *
     * @return array<string, mixed>
     */
    public function rules()
    {
        return [
            'title' => 'required|max:20',
            'content' => 'required|max:200',
        ];
    }
}


コントローラーを作成

$ sail artisan make:controller Article/CreateController --invokable


以下のファイルが作成される

app/Http/Controllers/Article/CreateController.php
<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers\Article;

use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class CreateController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Handle the incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function __invoke(Request $request)
    {
        //
    }
}


以下のとおり編集する

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers\Article;

use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use App\Models\Article;
use App\Http\Requests\Article\CreateRequest;

class CreateController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Handle the incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function __invoke(CreateRequest $request)
    {
        $article = new Article;
        $article->title = $request->title;
        $article->content = $request->content;
        $article->save();

        return redirect()->route('article.index')->with('message', '投稿しました。');
    }
}


routes/web.php
Route::get('/article', \App\Http\Controllers\Article\IndexController::class);
↓
Route::get('/article', \App\Http\Controllers\Article\IndexController::class)->name('article.index');
Route::post('/article/create', \App\Http\Controllers\Article\CreateController::class)->name('article.create');


resources/views/article/index.blade.php
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="ja">
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
        <title>Article</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Article</h1>
        @if (session('message'))
        <p>{{ session('message') }}</p>
        @endif
        <form action="{{ route('article.create') }}" method="post">
            @csrf
            <dl>
                <dt>タイトル</dt>
                <dd>
                    <input type="text" name="title" value="{{ old('title', isset($article) ? $article->title : '') }}">
                    @error('title')
                    <p>{{ $message }}</p>
                    @enderror
                </dd>
                <dt>本文</dt>
                <dd>
                    <textarea name="content" rows="5" cols="50">{{ old('content', isset($article) ? $article->content : '') }}</textarea>
                    @error('content')
                    <p>{{ $message }}</p>
                    @enderror
                </dd>
            </dl>
            <p><button type="submit">投稿</button></p>
        </form>
        <ul>
            @foreach ($articles as $article)
            <li>{{ $article->id }} / {{ $article->title }}</li>
            @endforeach
        </ul>
    </body>
</html>


config/app.php
    'locale' => 'en',
    'fallback_locale' => 'en',
↓
    'locale' => 'ja',
    'fallback_locale' => 'ja',
$ sail composer require laravel-lang/lang:~10.3
$ cp -R vendor/laravel-lang/lang/locales/ja lang/ja


lang/ja/validation.php
    ],
    'attributes' => [
        'title'   => 'タイトル',
        'content' => '本文',
    ],
];


以下にアクセスして表示を確認する
http://laravel.local/article/■記事の編集

※コントローラーを Update 内に置くか否かは考えたい
※登録処理も含めて、この時点では authorize() を false にしておく方が自然か。検証したい

ファイルを作成

$ sail artisan make:request Article/UpdateRequest
$ sail artisan make:controller Article/EditController --invokable
$ sail artisan make:controller Article/UpdateController --invokable


以下のとおり編集する

app/Http/Requests/Article/UpdateRequest.php （変更箇所は CreateRequest.php と同じ）
<?php

namespace App\Http\Requests\Article;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;

class UpdateRequest extends FormRequest
{
    /**
     * Determine if the user is authorized to make this request.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function authorize()
    {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Get the validation rules that apply to the request.
     *
     * @return array<string, mixed>
     */
    public function rules()
    {
        return [
            'title' => 'required|max:20',
            'content' => 'required|max:200',
        ];
    }
}


app/Http/Controllers/Article/EditController.php
<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers\Article;

use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use App\Models\Article;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class EditController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Handle the incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function __invoke(Request $request)
    {
        $id = (int) $request->route('id');
        $article = Article::where('id', $id)->firstOrFail();

        return view('article.edit', [
            'article' => $article,
        ]);
    }
}


app/Http/Controllers/Article/UpdateController.php
<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers\Article;

use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use App\Models\Article;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class UpdateController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Handle the incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function __invoke(Request $request)
    {
        $article = Article::where('id', $request->id)->firstOrFail();
        $article->title = $request->title;
        $article->content = $request->content;
        $article->save();

        return redirect()->route('article.edit', ['id' => $request->id])->with('message', '編集しました。');
    }
}


resources/views/article/edit.blade.php
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="ja">
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
        <title>Article</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Article</h1>
        <p><a href="{{ route('article.index') }}">戻る</a></p>
        @if (session('message'))
        <p>{{ session('message') }}</p>
        @endif
        <form action="{{ route('article.update', ['id' => $article->id]) }}" method="post">
            @method('PUT')
            @csrf
            <dl>
                <dt>タイトル</dt>
                <dd>
                    <input type="text" name="title" value="{{ old('title', isset($article) ? $article->title : '') }}">
                    @error('title')
                    <p>{{ $message }}</p>
                    @enderror
                </dd>
                <dt>本文</dt>
                <dd>
                    <textarea name="content" rows="5" cols="50">{{ old('content', isset($article) ? $article->content : '') }}</textarea>
                    @error('content')
                    <p>{{ $message }}</p>
                    @enderror
                </dd>
            </dl>
            <p><button type="submit">編集</button></p>
        </form>
    </body>
</html>


resources/views/article/index.blade.php
            <li>{{ $article->id }} / {{ $article->title }}</li>
↓
            <li>{{ $article->id }} / {{ $article->title }} <a href="{{ route('article.edit', ['id' => $article->id]) }}">編集</a></li>


routes/web.php
Route::get('/article/edit/{id}', \App\Http\Controllers\Article\EditController::class)->name('article.edit')->where('id', '[0-9]+');
Route::put('/article/update/{id}', \App\Http\Controllers\Article\UpdateController::class)->name('article.update')->where('id', '[0-9]+');


以下にアクセスして表示を確認する
http://laravel.local/article/■記事の削除

ファイルを作成

$ sail artisan make:controller Article/DeleteController --invokable


以下のとおり編集する

app/Http/Controllers/Article/DeleteController.php
<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers\Article;

use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use App\Models\Article;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class DeleteController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Handle the incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function __invoke(Request $request)
    {
        $id = (int) $request->route('id');
        $article = Article::where('id', $id)->firstOrFail();
        $article->delete();

        return redirect()->route('article.index')->with('message', '削除しました。');
    }
}


resources/views/article/edit.blade.php
        <form action="{{ route('article.delete', ['id' => $article->id]) }}" method="post">
            @method('DELETE')
            @csrf
            <p><button type="submit">削除</button></p>
        </form>


routes/web.php
Route::delete('/article/delete/{id}', \App\Http\Controllers\Article\DeleteController::class)->name('article.delete');
Memo

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